london underground line, with most stations

The line will be the first to be upgraded as part of the New Tube for London Project, as passenger numbers have increased over recent years and are expected to increase further. [28] Both railways expanded, the District building five branches to the west reaching Ealing, Hounslow,[29] Uxbridge,[30] Richmond and Wimbledon[29] and the Metropolitan eventually extended as far as Verney Junction in Buckinghamshire, more than 50 miles (80km) from Baker Street and the centre of London. [144] Each lift was staffed, and at some quiet stations in the 1920s the ticket office was moved into the lift, or it was arranged that the lift could be controlled from the ticket office. London Tube Lines Bakerloo Line The Bakerloo Line runs from Harrow & Wealdstone in north west London to Elephant & Castle south of the River Thames and is colour-coded brown on tube maps. [58] The Second World War suspended these plans after the Bakerloo line had reached Stanmore and the Northern line High Barnet and Mill Hill East in 1941. 2012 - A new fleet of electric trains are introduced, the first on the Underground to feature air conditioning and full-length, walk-through interiors Northern line The Northern line, opened. [132] Temperatures of 117F (47C) were reported in the 2006 European heat wave. The London Underground uses a system of nine concentric zones for the calculation of fares between stations. Updated: August 2022. Taking a moment to stop, step back, and look around inside some of London's Underground stations will reveal a wonderful display of urban design. [339] Analysis of the Underground as a network may also be helpful for setting safety priorities, since the stations targeted in the 2005 London bombings were amongst the most effective for disrupting the transportation system. [280], An early form of the roundel as used on the platform at Ealing Broadway, The form used today outside Westminster tube station, Roundel and "way out" arrow on a platform at Bethnal Green station, Michael Craig-Martin's 2016 roundel design, NO SMOKING signs using the roundel which are present only on the 1972 stock trains of the Bakerloo line, Seventy of the 272 London Underground stations use buildings that are on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, and five have entrances in listed buildings. 3 District line - 64km. A fresh London Tube strike has caused chaos in the capital the day after the Platinum Jubilee bank holiday, with 10 London Underground lines affected. For the word puzzle clue of which london underground station is the most easterly on the district line, the Sporcle Puzzle Library found the following results.Explore more crossword clues and answers by clicking on the results or quizzes. [227] The stations on the Jubilee Line Extension, opened in 1999, were the first stations on the system designed with accessibility in mind, but retrofitting accessibility features to the older stations is a major investment that is planned to take over twenty years. [248], In November 2011 it was reported that 80 people had died by suicide in the previous year on the London Underground, up from 46 in 2000. [143], Originally access to the deep-tube platforms was by a lift. [244], London Underground is authorised to operate trains by the Office of Rail Regulation. [203] Fares for single journeys are cheaper than paper tickets, and a daily cap limits the total cost in a day to the price of a Day Travelcard. Central line capacity increased by 25% with 33 tph at peak times by 2030. Although relatively modern and well within their design life, the trains need work in the medium term to ensure the continued reliability of the traction control equipment and maintain fleet serviceability until renewal, which is expected between 2028 and 2032. Here are the most magnificent Tube stations on the London Underground. It was first opened in 1863 and is the second-busiest underground station in the whole of London. The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. Now, the ventilation space above head height is crowded with ducting, conduits, cameras, speakers and equipment acting as a baffle plates with predictable reductions in flow. What is the busiest underground line in London? [178][179], The line was upgraded with five new 1992-stock trains in the early 1990s, at the same time as the Central line was upgraded. Listed for each station is the line or lines serving it, the local authority and London Travelcard zone in which it is located, the date it opened, previous names and passenger usage statistics in millions per year.. The London Underground map serves as a playing field for the conceptual game of Mornington Crescent[334] (which is named after a station on the Northern line) and the board game The London Game. [230], The standard issue tube map indicates stations that are step-free from street to platforms. This, combined with segregation of trains at Camden Town junction, will allow 3036 trains per hour compared to 24 trains per hour currently. [192], The Underground received 2.669billion in fares in 2016/17 and uses Transport for London's zonal fare system to calculate fares. [98][100] By increasing rail capacity, the line aims to reduce overcrowding on the Tube and cut cross-London journey times. Two people have been stabbed outside of Harlesden station in west London [336] Performers are chosen by audition, with previous buskers including Ed Sheeran, George Michael and Rod Stewart.[337]. [261] He presented his original draft in 1931, and after initial rejection it was first printed in 1933. [299] The project was critically acclaimed, with the Royal Fine Arts Commission describing the project as "an example of patronage at its best and most enlightened", and two stations shortlisted for the Stirling Prize. [222] The Night Tube proposal was originally scheduled to start on 12 September 2015, following completion of upgrades, but in August 2015 it was announced that the start date for the Night Tube had been pushed back because of ongoing talks about contract terms between trade unions and London Underground. ", "Annual Report and Statement of Accounts 2011/12", "Contactless payment on London Underground", "Licencing London's contactless ticketing system", "Design in Relation to the Problem: The London Underground", "Celebrities of Advertising II: Frank Pick", "Frank Pick and his Influence on Design in England", "Tribute to Bank Tube station bomb victims of 1941", "Bethnal Green Tube disaster marked 70 years on", "In Living Memory, Series 11: The 1975 Moorgate tube disaster", "Kings Cross Tragedy Means Safety First For London Underground", "Elizabeth Line "more mannered" than Jubilee predecessor says head of architecture", "About TfL How we work How we are governed Subsidiary companies", "A brief history of the Underground London Underground milestones", "London tube introduces contactless payments", "Services - 541858-2020 - TED Tenders Electronic Daily", "London 2012: Games bring record London Underground users", "London Underground breaks the record again for busiest day ever on the Tube", "Elizabeth line: What is Crossrail and when does it open? This system depends on adequate cross-sectional area of the airspace above the passengers heads in the foot tunnels and escalators, where laminar airflow is proportional to the fourth power of the radius, the HagenPoiseuille equation. [40], Yerkes soon had control of the District Railway and established the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL) in 1902 to finance and operate three tube lines, the Baker Street and Waterloo Railway (Bakerloo), the Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway (Hampstead) and the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, (Piccadilly), which all opened between 1906 and 1907. [214][215], The tube closes overnight during the week, but since 2016, the Central, Jubilee, Northern, Piccadilly, and Victoria lines, as well as a short section of the London Overground have operated all night on Friday and Saturday nights. [98][99] The project involved rebuilding and expanding several central Underground stations including Tottenham Court Road and Whitechapel. [77], In 1984 control of London Buses and the London Underground passed back to central government with the creation of London Regional Transport (LRT), which reported directly to the Secretary of State for Transport, still retaining the London Transport brand. [308] Johnston was adopted systemwide after the formation of the LPTB in 1933 and the LT wordmark was applied to locomotives and carriages. [302], The first posters used various type fonts, as was contemporary practice,[304] and station signs used sans serif block capitals. [218] Since 2010 a dispute between London Underground and trade unions over holiday pay has resulted in a limited service on Boxing Day.[221]. [55] In the same year that the London Passenger Transport Board was formed, Harry Beck's diagrammatic tube map first appeared. One infraco Metronet went into administration in 2007, and TfL took over the other Tube Lines in 2010. [25] The Metropolitan District Railway (commonly known as the District Railway) opened in December 1868 from South Kensington to Westminster as part of a plan for an underground "inner circle" connecting London's main-line stations. [87] Despite this, substantial investment to upgrade and modernise the Tube has taken place - with new trains (such as London Underground S7 and S8 Stock), new signalling, upgraded stations (such as King's Cross St Pancras) and improved accessibility (such as at Green Park). [37][284] The Central London Railway appointed Harry Bell Measures as architect, who designed its pinkish-brown steel-framed buildings with larger entrances. [106], London Underground's eleven lines total 402 kilometres (250mi) in length,[1] making it the seventh longest metro system in the world. Hyde Park Corner is on the Northern Line. London Underground patronage by line in 201617, Underground Electric Railways Company era, Services using former and current main lines, Sub-surface lines (District, Metropolitan, Hammersmith & City and Circle), The Metropolitan and District railways joint inner circle service started in the shape of a horseshoe, a complete loop was formed in 1884. The first line to operate underground electric traction trains, the City & South London Railway in 1890, is now part of the Northern line. If you take the average depth below sea level of all the platforms in each tube station - an important clarification - London Bridge comes out on top (bottom). [133] It was claimed in 2002 that, if animals were being transported, temperatures on the Tube would break European Commission animal welfare laws. The line opened in 196871 with the trains being driven automatically and magnetically encoded tickets collected by automatic gates gave access to the platforms. The current operator, London Underground Limited (LUL), is a wholly owned subsidiary of Transport for London (TfL), the statutory corporation responsible for the transport network in London. The Carr-Edwards report, published in 1938 as possibly the first attempt at a graphics standards manual, introduced stricter guidelines. [101] The Northern Line Extension opened in September 2021, extending the Northern line from Kennington to Battersea Power Station via Nine Elms. The system is patrolled by both uniformed and plain-clothes fare inspectors with hand-held Oyster-card readers. The London Underground presently has 270 stations. [204] The Oyster card must be 'touched in' at the start and end of a journey, otherwise it is regarded as 'incomplete' and the maximum fare is charged. These London Underground quiz questions and answers are designed to test your knowledge on all aspects of one of the world's most extensive (and most expensive!) 1863. [249] Most platforms at deep tube stations have pits, often referred to as 'suicide pits', beneath the track. [180][181][182], In mid-2014 Transport for London issued a tender for up to 18 trains for the Jubilee line and up to 50 trains for the Northern line. There are 20 miles (32km) of cut-and-cover tunnel and 93 miles (150km) of tube tunnel. Heathrow Terminals 2 and 3 station is between the terminals, which are a few minutes' walk away via pedestrian subway. [11] Despite its name, only 45% of the system is under the ground: much of the network in the outer environs of London is on the surface. [8] The network has expanded to 11 lines, and in 2020/21 was used for 296million passenger journeys,[3] making it one of the world's busiest metro systems. Almost all of the route, and all the stations, are shared with one or more of the three other sub-surface lines, namely the District, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines. The first trains run from about 05:00 and the last trains until just after 01:00, with later starting times on Sunday mornings. Heathrow Terminal 4 station was closed during the COVID national lockdown. [313] The Central London Railway used colour illustrations in their 1905 poster,[314] and from 1908 the Underground Group, under Pick's direction, used images of country scenes, shopping and major events on posters to encourage use of the tube. [16] The Underground first started accepting contactless debit and credit cards in September 2014. The study had showed that, with new generation trains and re-signalling: The project is estimated to cost 16.42 billion (9.86billion at 2013 prices). 2. Piccadilly line capacity could be increased by 60% with 33 trains per hour (tph) at peak times by 2025. On social media, email or the website, our travel tools can help you get around. [306] A bold version of the capitals was developed by Johnston in 1929. Numbers of commissions dropped, to eight a year in the 1950s and just four a year in the 1970s,[312] with images from artists such Harry Stevens and Tom Eckersley. London Underground was strongly criticised in the aftermath for its attitude to fires underground, and publication of the report into the fire led to the resignation of senior management of both London Underground and London Regional Transport. A route from Elephant & Castle to Lewisham via the Old Kent Road and New Cross Gate was chosen by Transport for London in 2019. [74] In 1976 the Northern City Line was taken over by British Rail and linked up with the main line railway at Finsbury Park, a transfer that had already been planned prior to the accident. The Underground is served by the following depots: In the years since the first parts of the London Underground opened, many stations and routes have been closed. Over 500million journeys have taken place using contactless, and TfL has become one of Europe's largest contactless merchants, with around 1 in 10 contactless transactions in the UK taking place on the TfL network. The line operates under traditional signalling and does not use Automatic Train Operation. 1940: People asleep on the platform of Holborn underground station during an air raid. [139] New air-conditioned trains have been introduced on the sub-surface lines, but was initially ruled out for the tube trains due to space being considered limited on tube trains for air-conditioning units and that these would heat the tunnels even more. [11] In addition, the Underground does not cover most southern parts of Greater London, and there are only 33 stations south of the River Thames. wo men have been stabbed in broad daylight close to a north-west London Tube station. [260] Although Fred H. Stingemore enlarged the central area of the map, it was Harry Beck who took this further by distorting geography and simplifying the map so that the railways appeared as straight lines with equally spaced stations. The stations were the first on the Underground to have platform edge doors, and were built to have step free access throughout. The line is predicted to run 30 trains per hour, an increase of up to 50% on the current 21 trains per hour. Printed in yellow on the Tube map, the 17-mile (27 km) line serves 36 stations, including most of London's main line termini. It has 50 stations, counting all branches, and is the busiest of all lines, with 294 million passenger journeys recorded in 2016/17. The tiling at Baker Street incorporates repetitions of Sherlock Holmes's silhouette,[302] at Tottenham Court Road semi-abstract mosaics by Eduardo Paolozzi feature musical instruments, tape machines and butterflies, [303] and at Charing Cross, David Gentleman designed the mural depicting the construction of the Eleanor Cross. The London Borough of Hackney, to the north, has two stations on its border. [37] Ironically, the term Tube was later adopted alongside the Underground. [277] The 100th anniversary of the roundel was celebrated in 2008 by TfL commissioning 100 artists to produce works that celebrate the design. 270 stations Since then the Underground network, affectionately nicknamed the Tube by generations of Londoners, has grown to 270 stations and 11 lines stretching deep into the Capital's suburbs, and beyond. Search for Tube station or line (e.g. [1] Many of the central London underground stations on deep-level tube routes are higher than the running lines to assist deceleration when arriving and acceleration when departing. Reveal Map: World Capitals II. The service operates on the: The Jubilee, Piccadilly and Victoria lines, and the Central line between White City and Leytonstone, operate at 10-minute intervals. Likewise, Southwark follows at 21m, Elephant & Castle at 18m, followed by Pimlico at 16m . [98] Although not part of the Underground, the line connects with several Underground stations. Download free London travel maps of the London Underground and other public transport routes. These would be used to increase frequencies and cover the Battersea extension on the Northern line.[183]. [94] In 2013, the Underground celebrated its 150th anniversary, with celebratory events such as steam trains and installation of a unique Labyrinth artwork at each station.[95]. The line is predicted to run a maximum of 27 trains per hour, a 25% increase on the current 21 trains per hour during peak periods. On 10 January, The Metropolitan Railway opens the world's first underground railway, between Paddington (then called Bishop's Road) and Farringdon Street. [69] In the early 1960s, the Metropolitan line was electrified as far as Amersham, British Railways providing services for the former Metropolitan line stations between Amersham and Aylesbury. [322], Art on the Underground was launched in 2000 to revive London Underground as a patron of the arts. 1868. ", "Rolling Origin & Destination Survey (RODS)", "Up to date per line London Underground usage statistics", "Piccadilly Underground line Transport for London", Passenger Train Services over Unusual Lines, "Passenger Train Services over Unusual Lines", "Making transport more accessible to all", "Environmental Quality in Underground Railways", "Work begins to cool the platforms at two major central London stations", "Improving the Tube What we're doing Improving the trains", "Numeric and experimental analysis of the turbulent flow through a channel with baffle plates", "Deadly Asbestos 'All Over the Place' on London Underground", "Mystery over Tube escalator etiquette cleared up by restored film", "Incline lift at Greenford Tube station is UK first", "Improvements and Projects Step-free access", "London Underground Advertising | All Products & Formats", "Virgin Media extends free wi-fi on London Underground until 2013", "Plans for mobile network on London underground shelved", "4G on Jubilee line tunnel section from March 2020", "London Underground Virgin Media WiFi Network", "New consultation on Bakerloo line extension opens today", "Bakerloo line extension Background to Consultation Summary Report October 2019", "Planning for the Future Bakerloo line extension", "Clapham Junction next for Northern Line says London Assembly member", "Metropolitan Line extension stalemate between mayor Sadiq Khan and government leaves TFL mulling bus scheme alternative", "Canary Wharf Group in talks about rail link to Euston", "Information on the Northern Line upgrade", "Major works to improve Victoria line services this summer", "All Victoria Line trains to run 'end to end' for first time", "Third Time Lucky: A Look At The New Sub-Surface Signalling Plan", "LU begins search for new Jubilee and Northern line train supplier", "Design for the 'New Tube for London' revealed", "Driverless Tube trains: Unions vow 'war' over plan", "New Tube for London invitations to tender issued", "Khan: New Piccadilly rolling stock will be delivered by 2023", "East Yorkshire factory wins 1.5bn Tube train deal", "TfL to accept Apple Pay on public transport", "Android Pay accepted for pay as you go travel in London", "Fares & payments Contactless Apple Pay", "Fares & payments Fares Tube, DLR and London Overground", "Fares & payments Oyster Using your Oyster card Capping", "Fares & payments Oyster Using your Oyster card Incomplete journeys", "The 66.5million cost of not touching out your Oyster card", "London's contactless fares system to power New York's subway, bus and rail journeys", "New York to Replace MetroCard With Modern Way to Pay Transit Fares", "The MBTA has a $723 million plan to change the way you pay for rides The Boston Globe", "Revenue Enforcement and Prosecutions Policy", "Later London Underground service being considered", "Party on, London Tube will run an hour later on Fridays and Saturdays", "Transport in London over Christmas and New Year's Eve", "London 2012 Olympics: Tube to shut hour later, TfL says", "Night Tube start date postponed as talks continue", "London tube to run all night at weekends but 750 jobs to go", "London night tube services to Heathrow start this weekendCoronavirus: London cuts Tube trains and warns 'don't travel unless you really have to', "The London Underground An accessible future? To enable this, ventilation, power supply and control and signalling systems will be adapted and modified to allow the increase in frequency. [56], In the following years, the outlying lines of the former Metropolitan Railway closed, the Brill Tramway in 1935, and the line from Quainton Road to Verney Junction in 1936. [145] The first escalator on the London Underground was installed in 1911 between the District and Piccadilly platforms at Earl's Court and from the following year new deep-level stations were provided with escalators instead of lifts. [14] Contactless bank card payments were introduced in 2014,[15] the first such use on a public transport system.[16]. The peak frequency was increased to 36 trains per hour in 2016 after track works were completed to the layout of the points at Walthamstow Central crossover, which transfers northbound trains to the southbound line for their return journey. Listed for each of the 273 stations are the lines serving it, local authority and the fare zone in which it is located,[note 1] the date it and any earlier main line service opened, previous names and passenger usage statistics in millions per year. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 has a single-player level named Mind The Gap where most of the level takes place between the dockyards and Westminster while the player and a team of SAS attempt to take down terrorists attempting to escape using the London Underground via a hijacked train. Photo Sales. It's useful and clearly indicates the general directions taken by the trains (north, south, east or westbound), with all interchanges clearly shown. A London Underground line and the London Overground have been suspended as a result of the incident as police swarmed the station this afternoon Police arrive at the scene following the double . The first section of the Metropolitan District Railway, from South Kensington to Westminster (now part of the District and Circle lines), opens. The Central line operates at 20-minute intervals between Leytonstone and Hainault, between Leytonstone and Loughton, and between White City and Ealing Broadway. The trains have been replaced with 47 new higher-capacity 2009-stock trains. [13] The Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1983 and Oyster card, a contactless ticketing system, in 2003. [142] Often, electronic signs have their flat surface at right angles to the main air flow, causing choked flow. [275] As of 2013[update], forms of the roundel, with differing colours for the ring and bar, are used for other TfL services, such as London Buses, Tramlink, London Overground, London River Services and Docklands Light Railway. It has been shown as two separate stations at different times in the past. The Metropolitan line operates express services, known as "fast" or "semi-fast", which do not stop at certain stations, thus decreasing total travelling time and increasing capacity. [321] Harold Hutchison became London Transport publicity officer in 1947, after the Second World War and nationalisation, and introduced the "pair poster", where an image on a poster was paired with text on another. Many platforms have unique interior designs to help passenger identification. 196871 with the trains being driven automatically and magnetically encoded tickets collected by gates. Been shown as two separate stations at different times in the same year that the London Borough of Hackney to. London Tube station two separate stations at different times in the 2006 European heat wave Harry Beck 's diagrammatic map! In 1863 and is the second-busiest Underground station during an air raid 322 ], London Underground as a of! 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